How children development is influenced by many factors Essay

A barbarians nurture can be stirred by both personal and external factors. Personal factors argon those that be sepcific to an individual fry and external factors are those that could theoretically bear upon each and every pincer.Personal factors include the followingHealthSome childrens development whitethorn be affected by a pre-existing health condition. For precedent a babys development can be affected during the pregnancy, if a mother smokes, takes drugs, drinks alcohol or contracts certain infections such as rubella. Foetal Alcohol Syndrome occurs when a mother drinks large amounts of alcohol during her pregnancy. This condition leave alone usually affect a childs cognitive and physiologic development. The amount of alcohol consumed, as well as, when during the pregnancy it was drunk and whether it involved debauch drinking or large amounts being drunk on a regular basis, pull up stakes affect the level of disability social movementd. FAS can as well as cause del ays in physical development as the child whitethornbe underweight, problems with feeding and speech due to facial abnormalites and neurological problems such as alcohol withdrawal, problems with repositing and communication and a low IQ. A range of developmental areas can be affected by a health issue non ripe the physical development. For exampleTheir ability to make friends. A child who is repeatedly away from work may not be able to get to go the other children.Their education. Days maybe missed due to hospital or doctors appointments or long periods of time missed because of hospitilisation or middling not feeling well enough to go to school.A wishing of confidence and low self esteem. They may have to rely heavily on adults in some areas of their lives and have little or no sense of self-reliance. Many doctors are now encouraging children to be partially responsible to their condition, for example children with diabetes are often encouraged to inject themselves.Missed o pportunities. Some children may not be able to take part in certain activities on offer. Running or playing outside may trigger their condition. There are other health issues that may affect development. This could be as frank as a bout of toncilitis firmness of purposeing in a couple ofweeks off school at an important point of the childs education or a chronic health condition like diabetes that may mean missing lessons due to regular hospital appointments while the condition is being monitored. hindranceCerebal palsy is a neurological condition that affects the brain and nervous system. It is a general term that covers a range of conditions that affect a childs morvement and co-ordination and is caused by damage to the brain before, during or just after the birth. Again the symptoms and severity vary greatly from child to child and also by the compositors case of Cerebral palsy runed for example spastic hemiplegia or ataxic cerebral palsy. Some children have the ability to wal k but the age at which they can do this will be affected by either hypotonia (decreased) or hypertonia (increased muscle tone). Spina Bifida is another condition that is present from birth. broadly speaking it does not affect a childs cognitive development but, depending on the shell a child has, may affect their physical development. In severe cases the childs legs may be partially or even fully paralysed and on that point may also be urinary and gut incontinence issues. The number of children born with spina bifida is now low, due to the recommendation that women take folic acid whilst trying for a baby and in the early stages of pregnancy. Spina Bifida may not only affect a childs physical development. It may also affect the following areas-Intellectual development as the child may have to have lots of time off of school.Emotional development as they may feel contrastive to those children around them.Social development as they are not able to socialise with others.Sensory Im pairmentA opthalmic or hearing impairment can have a braggy effect on many areas of development. A hearing impairment can mean that speech is unclear and words pronuounced incorrectly. This can lead to a child avoiding social interaction, affecting emotional and social development, if they feel unable to express themselves properly. One of the main areas of physical development is hand-eye co-ordination and for a child with a visual impairment this take a lot longer to master.Learning DisabilitiesA childs cognitive development will be affected by learning difficulties, such as dyslexia, dyspraxia or ADHD, until it is picked up on. A SpecialEducational Needs Co-ordinator (Senco), which all schools have, will ensure that the extra educational funding needed by the child is in place by working with the child and their parent/carers. The social and emotional development and wellbeing of a child with learning difficulties may also be affected if they are seen as different by those aro und them and are teased and/or bullied and the effects of this type of treatment can cause issues well into adulthood.GeneticsAs soon as a child is conceived their development begins. Their genetic information is made up from both the egg and the sperm. This information can sometimes be faulty and will affect the development of the health of the child. Downs syndrome is an example of a genetic disorder. People with Downs syndrome have an extra copy of the chromosome 21 in the cells of their body. There are some facial and other physical features that are common with this disorder as well as certain medical problems. For example atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). This is a condition where there is a hole in the muscle that usually separates the different chambers in the heart. Typically speaking the rate at which most children with Downs syndrome will develop will be affected because they have some degree of learning difficulty. However, the level of difficulty will vary from one person to another. Generally the usual speech and physical milestones will be reached but at a later stage than other children. External factors that may affect development include the following PovertyPoverty will probably have a major effect on development. Statistics show that children from poor backgrounds are less likely to flourish and achieve well at school. Parents will find it harder to deal with their childrens requirements which will have a bearing on all areas of development. For example- Intellectual Limited or no access to books, internet or other resources for studying.Social May not have the funds to be able to take part in activities that their friends are.Physical Poor diet or not being able to heat house in cold weather may cause health problems. Family background/environmentThe adults who care for children have an influence on their development.Parents play an extremely important piece in the lives of the their children. Although most parents do a good job at nurturing and providing for their children, there are a number of reasons why some parents are not able to do as good a job. Depression or an addiction to either drink or drugs are a few. Younger children may be neglected, whilst older children may have to take on a caring role within the family. A childs development is also influenced by what they are born with and by the experiences that they have. For example a child thats born with the potential to be a great long outmatch runner may not realise that potential unless they are given the opportunity to practise and the encouragement from adults to do it. A childs cultural background can also have an effect on a number of their areas of development e.g. social the primary language spoken at al-Qaida may be different to the primary language at school. Most families suffer stresses at times, some may be temporary, some more everlasting but all may have an effect on a childs emotional and/or cognitive development and may resul t in a change in their doings or ability to learn.Here are a few examples A change of employment.Redundancy or unemployment.Moving home whether locally or further afield.Changes in family structure eg parents seperating, divorcing or finding new partners. The birth of a new baby.The death or illness of a family member.The disability of a family member.Neglect/AbuseThere have been a lot of studies carried out on the relationship between the different types of child abuse/neglect and the affect on the different areas of development including physical, health, emotional and behavioural. The extent of the affect varies according to the seriousness, length of time and rate of return of abuse/neglect but can continue to have an impact on the adult lives.The effects of neglect/abuse on a childs development may include-Serious brain development issues. A child that is neglected during thefirst year of their life can suffer from serious brain development issues. Studies have shown that the brain of a 3 year old child who has suffered global neglect (the experience of several kinds of deprivation) will be notably smaller than a child who hasnt.Poor physical growth and or medical conditions such as anaemia caused by malnutrition.Problems forming and maintaining friendships/relationships. deprivation of confidence/low self-esteem caused by emotional abuse.Care statusAlthough some children in care have no developmental issues, many do. The lack of family stability and moving from one carer to another can have a negative affect on a childs social, emotional and behaviour development and cause problems with their ability to form attachments or to deal with separations. Children may have been abused or neglected prior to entering care system. This may also affect their social, emotional and behaviour development but may also affect their speech and language development as they are too distressed to talk. They may also suffer with mental health issues that may lead to delays in their cognitive development as time off from school is required. Children in care may also meet similar issues to those with disabilities and learning difficulties.